Abstract: Abstract The current paper is targeted to study the problems of human resources in several banks. The major causes and effects have been diagnosed in the reducing the performance that, in role, minimizing the quality of banking service. The hypotheses were adopted to connect the insignificant effect of these problems in many ranges of banking quality. Sample of banks were selected in Al – Mukalla City of Hadhramout Province (Yemen). A questionnaire has been designed to to collect the suitable data to diagnose the functional problems that have a potential effect in the ranges of quality. The necessary statistical analyses (SPSS) have been managed. The current study concluded into results: the problem of unsuitability with the burdens of work with the bulk personnel (numbers and skills) in most banks of potential effect in most ranges of banking service quality. .

Abstract: Abstract The study aims to study the dimensions of organizational culture and its impact in promoting the individual creativity. The study applied on a sample consisted of 96 lecturers in scientific departments and disciplines at Mosul Technical Institute. The study based on a hypothetical model depending on a major hypothesis that: there is a correlation and impact between organizational culture and the indicator of the individual creativity. The models of the study and its impact have been selected by using the statistical techniques such as regressive distributions, arithmetic means, and standard variations, in addition to the use of multiple correlations. The study concluded into several necessary recommendations for the sample of the study: the necessity that the studied organization must build organizational culture to focus on work values, openness, procedural fairness, and enduring risks as well as to continuous improvement so as to encourage, enhance, and develop the individual creativity of the lecturer. .

Abstract: Abstract Stock markets became very essential subject in Arab countries. It has a vital role in aggregating and channeling national saving and directing them to Arab investment channels. These markets represent an area of accumulating capital as they are able to validate capitals on one hand, and for their strong and important relation with the market economies on the other. In addition to the emergence of exchange rate valuation and interest rate prices on the international level. They often lead to the removing of the barriers of capital flow in the form of various credit and saving instruments as well as to the foreign currency. The development of financial markets has almost followed specially the economic growth and the consuming expenditure and investment expenditure. The emergence of institutions played a role in employing the savings in the economic and productive areas. They are however the connection between individuals and various institutions which save on the one hand and the productive projects in the economy on the other. .

Abstract: Abstract The primary exports in general may expose to several problems in developing countries. One of these problems is the instability state in exports earnings, deteriorating the rates of commercial exchange, and slowdown external demand. Many views verified the effect of these problems in the economic growth. The current paper aims to study this effect on a sample of non-petroleum developing countries from 1985 – 2004. The study also hypothesized that the instability and deterioration of commercial exchange and slowdown external demand have negative impact on the economic growth. A metrical economic model has been proposed to estimate the variables. The paper consisted of three aspects: the first was theoretical to show the relation among these variables and economic growth. The second was to refer to the measurements used to measure these problems. The third one estimated the effect of problems of economic growth. The conclusions recorded very accurate results in all economic, metrical and statistical indicators - in that- the instability and deteriorating the economic growth, deteriorating the rates of commercial exchange, and slowdown external demand have negative effects on the economic growth. This result comes with the theoretical aspect and promoting the hypothesis. .

Abstract: Abstract The research embarked on a problem of particular concern to the legality of interoperability insurance and the possibility that makes it an alternative to the commercial insurance for the role played by this type of life insurance in the practical life. On this basis, the problem has been embodied in the following: Are religious scholars disagreed on the legality of mutual insurance? The answer of this question was a hypothesis: (Are the religious scholars disagree on the legality of mutual insurance? The hypothesis of the research was done through questionnaire. It has been considered as the key tool of data collection in field distributed on a sample of clerics in Mosul City. The forms have been collected and analyzed in terms of several statistical methods. The study concluded the following: 1. Principles and rules on which the insurance interoperability based on the teachings of the tolerant Islamic Sharia. 2. Free insurance interoperability defects insurance contracts known Kalgrr and obscurantism and usury. 3. Ignorance of the concept of insurance interoperability among many members of the society generally and between the scientific community and legitimacy particular. Islam prohibits other types of insurance. .

Abstract: Abstract The research aims to clarify the reasons of the deficiency in power generation in Nineveh Province and present the main reasons that led to the aggravation of this problem, especially after 2003. It affected directly the social and economic life of citizens. There are although a number of different power stations within the Province that can meet the power needs if a suitable plan made for the management and operation of these stations to function properly. Finally, the most important future projects expected has been spotted before the end of 2010. Descriptive statistical analysis method is used to analyze the data and present the results and then draw a comparison between the volume of power generation and total volume provision to the province during 2004 and 2007. The research has concluded into a group of main ideas and solutions that help to improve electric power and reduce the deficit between the generation and providing loads to maintain the lowest possible degree. .

Abstract: This research tried to cover the development of tradition mathematical programming to mathematical programming with multiple objective models (MOMP). This done by transformation of linear programming to multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) with lexicographically priority and solve the decision problem by using two phase multi-criteria. They are revised simplex method (Two Phase R. M. S. M.) in large and complex system. The multi-criteria simplex method (M. S. M.) was used in small problem to reach the optimal solution which known as non-dominated solution. The case study concerned with decision making problem. Three functions have been used as lexicographical priorities such the first and third functions in maximization case; the second was in the minimization case. The model building for the problem was made to find the final solution. It is found that the non – dominated case have different profits for the functions. .

Abstract: Abstract The fixed and storing assets formed a large part of general fund that governmental units use to produce and present general services. To guarantee an accounting control on owning these assets, it is necessary to supply constituent accounting control on it. This research aimed to estimate the accounting procedures of fixed and storing assets in a sample of governmental units in Ninavah to treat the failure sides in output of Iraqi government accounting system. As well as supplying essential information to the control on owning and uses it in governmental units. The research depended on investigation list to study the depended procedures in accounting. The research concluded into a group of results, the non clear regulations of accounting procedures of assets led to abnormal applications .

Abstract: The importance of the research is emerged from importance of products that their price supported by the government. So, the research aims to know the effect of price support policy in increasing the equinity produced by many strategic crops during the period 1990- 2003. The research depended upon hypotheses that price support policy in Iraq is facing shortage in its connection to growth of strategic crops. The result revealed that: The price support policy is one of the policies required by the agricultural development process in Iraq. The practical side of the research showed that significant variable (agricultural loans) in rice and cotton crops, (the difference between the agricultural and marketing interest rate) in wheat, barley and rice crops, (fertilize support prices) in wheat, barley, rice, cotton and sugar beets, (pesticides price support) in wheat, barley, corn flax crops, (machinery prices support) in wheat, barley, rice and sugar beets, (the budget deficit ratio to the GDP) in all crops studied in input model. Also, the significant value has been revealed in variable (supporting the final product price) in all studied crops, (the budget deficit ratio to the GDP) in wheat, rice, corn flax, cotton and sugar beets. But, there is no significant value for the variable (price of purchased crops by the government) for the all crops studied in output model. .

Abstract: Abstract Sales magnitude is regarded one of most important indicators used in performance valuation in the growth of industrial firms. Mosul factory of ready – made Kids’ Garments represents one of the oldest factories in clothes industry that contributed to satisfy the local market needs. So, it has selected to be the field of the study. In this study, the matrixes method of analyzing the sales variation is used. It is one of techniques that depend on computer. This method facilitates the application and speeding the obtained results, especially in the light of the technical development and increased dependence on computers. As it is noticed through the analyzing the sales variations, there are many problems suffered by Mosul Factory of Ready – made Kids Garments. The most important among them is the reduced magnitude of the sales as well as to the unfavourable variation either in quantity or price or both of them. So, the researcher tried to shed light on the reasons behind these variations and (in order to complete the subject matter) in away leads to integrity of the problems’ presentation. The method of analysis was seen to present the needed suggestions of all calculating sides as well as to other sides such as economic and marketing. ).

Abstract: Abstract This study discusses the influence of volatility of exchange rate in trade. These subjects became a fertile field for several studies that confined themselves in the negative influence hypothesis of exchange rate volatility in trade, and tried to enhance it without careful studying. For this reason, the study has great importance; it seeks to avoid testing this hypothesis. The research aims to study the influence of exchange rate volatility in two trade groups in the developing countries. The first includes countries with a various structures of trade and production, while the second group countries with less variable trade and production structures. The hypothesis of the research is summarized in that the response of trade to the volatility of exchange rate in the countries with the various trade and production structures is more than its response in the countries with less various trade and production structures. The research used the theoretical analysis manner, which is enhanced by several views of researchers in this field, in addition to the use of the statistical methods in explaining these relations. The research concluded a number of results, the most important among them were that there is a tight relation between exchange rate volatility and trade in the developing countries with various structures of trade and production, while there is no relation in the second group of countries, and this has enhanced the hypothesis of the research. .

Abstract: Abstract The present research demonstrates the concept of value added in general and agricultural value added in particular, and demonstrates the importance of value added with regard to economy. Also, several techniques through which the value is added to the agricultural products were defined in this study. Moreover, the research includes the economic performance indicators of countries of sample, i.e. Egypt, Syria and Algeria, from 1980 to 2002. These indicators dealt with development of agricultural value added, local product and individual's share of such product, agricultural product and individual's share of such product as well as the individual and agricultural labors' shares of the agricultural value added. In this research, many economic variables in the agricultural value added were determined and measured from 1980 to 2002 for each sample countries. Through these variables, the following hypothesis has been proved: The agricultural value added is affected by many economic variables and affects differently according to the economic conditions for each country and agricultural policies followed in this respect, in addition to the role and importance of agricultural sector in each country. .

Abstract: The research tries to restrict the relation between Suitable Quality Purchasing Dimensions and Operation Performance Dimensions in The General Company of Ready-Made Clothing at Mosul. The concern of the company's administration is about Suitable Quality Purchasing Di-mensions and Operation Performance Dimensions contributes in building the capability of pro-ducing goods with suitable quality to meet customers' needs and desires. It gives the company the time in which it can compete other products and support its competence capability. Because of the shortage in the studies tackled the relation between these dimensions, especially in the Iraqi environment, the researchers tried to include these dimensions within the current research in a more comprehensive frame to study the relation between them. Generally, the research tries to answer the following questions: 1. Are heads of departments of the company under study well aware of the dimensions of suit-able quality purchasing and operation performance dimensions? 2. Are the heads of departments of the company under study well aware of the relation between the dimensions of suitable quality purchasing and operation performance dimensions? The research reaches the following findings: 1. There is a significant relation between the dimensions of suitable quality purchasing and op-eration performance dimensions in the company under study. 2. There is a significant effect between the dimensions of suitable quality purchasing and opera-tion performance dimensions in the company under study. Depending on the findings reached, several recommendations are in accordance with the above findings presented .

Abstract: Abstract This study aims to capture the intellectual approaches from which the authors begin to define their transparency concept in general, especially the transparency of information system and after defining two main entries: the first came from the linguistic meaning of transparency, and the second came from the personal imaginations in the framework of what authors called the procedural concepts-presented by them. In the second step, the study defined its special concepts which begin from the linguistic meaning. In the third step, the importance of transparency has been defined, the techniques of defining it, and its important problems. In fourth step the impact in what is called intellectual situation has been examine for people with respect to their directors through a comparative analysis putting in mind the views of both directors and personnel and concluded several results. The most important among them is the significant relation (the correlation and impact). The research introduced some recommendations, the more important of which is the necessity of seeking to preserving the transparency of information received through the formal and informal information systems. It has an important influence in enabling directors to put the right person in the right position on one hand, and in the other hand it enhances the organizational loyalty, mitigating the organizational conflicts and the risks may lead them to leave job in the organization. .

Abstract: Abstract In economics, the privatization is a transferring property or possession or entrust the management to the privet sector. Privatization has two methods, the first one by selling - out the assets of state to the privet sector. The second method is done that the government’s suspending to give a support to the services or produce the stuffs and entrust that to the privet sector. The process of the privatization required an evaluation of the fixed assets of the transferred companies to the privet sector. Thus, the research problem has been presented by tender the method of evaluating the fixed assets to get the company's worth, then finding the best method of evaluation. The aim of this research is to show the methods of the privatization and finding the ways of evaluating the fixed assets. The research has concluded several results. The conclusion is that there are many methods of evaluating the fixed assets, some of them depend on book value, and others depend on the adjusted historical cost. Some of these methods deal with the replacement value, other methods deal with the capability of the fixed assets to achieve profits and present value. This is the best method according to the researcher's view because it defeats the faults of the previous methods. .

Abstract: The monetary policy is considered to be one of the most important economic policies used in organizing economic life and solving its problems. The monetary policy followed by authorities at one time is based on a theory or monetary ideas prevailed at that time which in turn formulates the aim of the monetary policy and the method to achieve that aim. Practically speaking, the policy of the Central Bank was implemented by changing the reserves of the commercial banks and practicing the operations of the open market and discount prices which still constitute the basis of the monetary policy even in its wide concept. The research stems from the premise that "there is a relationship between the problems of inflation and the expansion of the monetary supply in developing countries. The research premises that economic effects of inflation unwanted in the economic performance of countries in the sample in question." The regression equations for the sample (13 States) have been done using the method of least squares (OLS) through a software package (Minitab .