Abstract
Constitutes a incompatibility permanent and continuous of objectives between companies that seeking to provide internal financingnecessary to invest and expand the company, and shareholders who seek a reward for their investment, scopeto compete between them to get the most of the profits,which gives dividend decisions, based to a set of major determinants great and strategic importance to company and the shareholders, from here the research aimed to diagnose and preview the main determinants of the dividend policy, with presentingintegrated overall picture on intellectual and theoretical frameworks which framed the mechanisms of direct and indirect influence that can be exercised by these determinants which varied between financial, economic, political and institutional variables in the interpretation of dividend payments, completed in empirical quantitative analysis, a methodology was employed generalized method of moment (GMM) based onpanel data balance for a number of business companies listed in the financial markets of iraq, and for the period (2010-2020) . The research finds a diversity of factors determining dividend policies in terms of including profitability, liquidity, growth, leverage, debt, market value to book value, ownership structure, company age, cash flow, inflation, changing government policies, and tax considerations, In addition, its impact varies from one company to another. On the other side,research confirmed the unification of the direction of influence in terms of being positive for the profitability variable, liquidity, and market value to the book value, ownership structure, and cash flow, against the negative impact of the financial leverage variable, tax considerations and government policies in the profit distribution policies in the sample companies of the study in the Republic of Iraq.
